Environment
Two industries at a crossroadsThe formalization of artisanal and small-scale mining may be necessary to help meet global demand for critical minerals
The formalization of artisanal and small-scale mining may be necessary to help meet global demand for critical minerals
September 28, 2023
![](https://magazine.cim.org/media/3019117/feat1.jpg?anchor=center&mode=crop&width=768&height=480&rnd=133398622850000000)
The Kamilombe cobalt-copper artisanal mine in the DRC is situated between various industrial mining operations; an industrial copper mine operated by La Sino-Congolaise des Mines (Sicomines) is visible in the background. Courtesy of the Fair Cobalt Alliance
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